A biorhythm (or biological rhythm) is a cyclic pattern of alterations in physiology, emotions, and intellect. "Bio" pertains to life and "rhythm" pertains to the flow with regular movement.

Table of contents
1 Theory
2 External links, resources, and references

Theory

The theory of biorhythms is a theory that claims one's lifecycle is affected by rhythmic cycles and makes approximate predictions of cycles of physical, mental and emotional characteristics. A rhythm or a cycle is a characteristic that's periodically repeated in a predictable and measurable way. Biorhythmics is composed of forecasting the synchronized rhythm by division into equal parts by time in one's life cycle. These inherent rhythms appear to control or initiate various biological processes and is classically composed of three cyclic rhythms that govern human behaviour and the innate periodicity in natural cyclical physiological change. In its simplest general form, the theory states that from birth to death every human is governed by internal biophysical cycles: the physical, the emotional, and the intellectual. Others state there are more rhythms than the basic three. Biorythyms are related to bioelectricity and it's interaction in the body.

Basic rhythms includes certain facets of physiological cycles, though it may include others and the details may vary pending the specific source. The three classical cycles of Biorhythms are endogenous infradian rhythms.

Basic rhythm details:

Physical cycle (lasts around 23 days)
- coordination
- strength
- well-being
Emotional cycle (lasts around 28 days)
- creativity
- sensitivity
- mood
- perception
- awareness
Intellectual cycle (lasts around 33 days)
- alertness
- analytical functioning
- logical analysis
- memory or recall
- communication
The theory's basis lies in physiological and emotional cycles. The cycles are drawn as sinusoidal waveform This is a graphical approximate representation of the bioelectric activity. The cycle flow of bioelectric activity undergoes periodic reverses in direction. Since biorhythms are a continuous bidirectional rhythmic cycle of bioelectricity it can be represented as a symmetrical or asymmetrical (though most theories rely on a symmetrical form). A waveform is just a visual representation of the cycle's forcast. The waveform start, in most theories, with their minimum values at the birth of each individual [neutral baseline (0%)]. Each cycles oscillates between a positive phase (<= 100%) and a negative phase (>= -100%), during which bioelectric activity strengthens and weakens. The purpose of biorhythms is to enable the approximate calculation of critical days for performing or avoiding various activities.

The classical definition (deriveratives of the original theory exist) state that one's birth is an unfavorable circumstantial event, as is the day about 58 years later when the three cycles are again synchronised at their minimum values. According to the classical definition, the theory is assumed to apply only to humans. The value of each cycle is claimed classically to be able to be calculated at any given time in the life of an individual, and there are web sites that do exactly that.

Related terminology

Biorhythmics is a branch of science that study biorhythms or deal with biorhythms. Biorhythmic study focuses on physiological, emotional, and intellectual processes and it's forecasting. Biorhythm phenomena are observable human conditions which can be detailed and explained by the science of biorhythmics. These conditions are bound by the variables that exist in the body. Certian facets of biorhythmics are similar in concept to that of weather forecasting (commonly known as meteorology).
Infradian are biorhythms composed of long-term cycles (lasting several days).
Circadian are the biorhythms having a period of 24 hours (lasting a day).
'\Ultradian' are the biorhythms having extremely short cycles (lasting less than 24 hours).
Exogenous are cycles influenced by external factors.
Endogenous are cycles not influenced by external changes.
Circatrigintan are cycles that recur every month (around 25-35 days).
Circavigintan are cycles that recur triweekly (around 17-23 days).
Circadiseptan are cyles that occur biweeklly (around 12-17 days).

Plausibility

Biorhythm is an old, but still speculative subject, whose claim to be scientific is vehemently contested. Biorhythms are based upon the study of biological organisms. Biorhythms have echoes of chronobiology, the study of circadian and other rhythms. Through medical research, doctors have found that there are periodicity and rhythms during a person's lifespan, although few doctors believe they correspond to those described as "biorhythms". These discoveries, among others, have shown that people are affected by physiological, emotional and intellectual rhythms (with no known relationships to the supposed biorhythm cycles bearing those names). Studies in this self-described protoscience are still being done regarding the effects of biorhythm on the human condition.

The theory is widely treated as falsely claiming scientific validity (and this position's supporters' responses range from opposing it as harmful through ignoring it to accepting it as entertainment); see pseudoscience. Some critics of the theory of biorhythm raise one or more of the following criticisms:

History

The classical theory originated at the turn of the 19th century, between 1897 and 1902, from various observational research.

Dr. Hermann Swoboda into the possibility of a rhythmic change in mood and health. (Professor of Psychology, University of Vienna) on periodic variations in fevers. He collected data on reaction to pain, outbreak of fevers, illnesses, asthma, heart attacks, and recurrent dreams. He concluded that there was a 23-day physical cycle and a 28-day emotional cycle.

Dr. Wilhelm Fliess (nose and throat specialist; reportedly a numerologist) independently was researching the occurrences of fevers, recurrent illnesses and deaths in his patients. He too came to the conclusion that there was a 23 and a 28-day rhythm. Fleiss's theories were of great interest and importance to Sigmund Freud during his early work in developing his psychoanalytic concepts.

Alfred Teltseher (professor of engineering; University of Innsbruck, Austria) observed that his students' good days and bad days followed a rhythmic pattern of 33 days. Teltscher found that the brain's ability to absorb, mental ability,and alertness ran in 33 day cycles. Dr. Rexford Hersey (psychologist; Pennsylvania, America) in the 1920s reportedly made contributions to the classical theory also.

These three biorhythms compose the classical theory. The classical theory (and it's various derivatives) has been studied, especially in Germany, Japan, and the United States, with conflicting results.

External links, resources, and references