Ross Island is a volcanic island in the Ross Sea by Antarctica, on the coast of Victoria Land. Sir James Clark Ross discovered it in 1841, and the island was later named in honor of him by Robert F. Scott. The volcanoes Terror and Erebus (4023 m) are situated on the island. They were named by Ross after his ships HHS Erebus and HHS Terror.

Ross Island was the base for many of the early expeditions to Antarctica. It was and still is the southernmost island reachable by sea. Huts built by Scott's and Shackleton's expeditions are still standing on the island, preserved as historical sights.

Today Ross Island is home to New Zealand's Scott Base and the largest Antarctic settlement, the U.S. Antarctic Program's McMurdo Station.

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