Tierra del Fuego (Spanish land of fire) is an archipelago at the southernmost tip of South America. In 1881 it was divided between Argentina and Chile. The archipelago consists of a main island (often called Tierra del Fuego as well), and a group of smaller islands. It is separated from the continent by the Strait of Magellan. The southern point of the archipelago forms Cape Horn.

Its name comes from the many fires (fuego in Spanish) of the native americans, which were visible from the sea. The name was created by Ferdinand Magellan, who was the first European to pass it in 1520.